Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the atomic, molecular and supramolecular-scale handling of matter. The fascinating thing about nanotechnology is that as the size scale of their dimensions exceeds nanometers the properties of several materials change. Materials scientists and engineers are working to understand those improvements in properties and use them at nanoscale stage in the production and manufacturing of materials. The field of materials science includes nanoscale materials discovery, characterization, properties, and use. Work on nanomaterials takes a science-based approach to nanotechnology, affecting developments in the metrology and synthesis of materials that have been developed to support work on microfabrication. Nanoscale-level materials with structure have special optical, electrical, or mechanical properties.

• Nano-Alloys

• Nano/Meso-Structured Carbon Materials

• Nanostructured Materials

• Nanofabrication

• Functional Nanomaterials

Advanced materials described to refer to all materials representing advancements over conventional materials used thousands of years ago. Smart materials, semiconductors, biomaterials, and nanoengineered materials include advanced materials. Advanced Materials Research focuses on the study of novel building materials used in IT, effective mechanical engineering, space engineering, medicine, and other areas. Nanodevices have a huge impact in increasing pollution control, improving human health and longevity, producing food and converting energy. These are crucial enablers that will allow humanity to harness the ultimate technological capabilities of mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and biological systems.

• Advanced Engineering Materials

• Advanced Functional Materials

• Advanced Energy Materials

• Advanced Healthcare Materials

• Advanced Optical Materials

From a healthcare perspective, biomaterials can be characterized as materials that have some novel properties that make them suitable for immediate interaction with the living tissue without causing any adverse reactions to immune rejection. Biomaterials are natural or synthetic, alive or lifeless and typically consist of multiple components which interact with biological systems. Biomaterials have served mankind since ancient times but subsequent evolution has made them more flexible and increased their use. Biomaterials have changed the fields such as bioengineering and tissue engineering to establish strategies to combat diseases that endanger life. Similar principles and techniques are used to treat different illnesses, such as heart failure, fractures, deep skin injuries, etc. Work is being carried out to develop the current procedures and to invent new approaches. Biomaterials and Medical Devices interact indirectly with biological systems. Biomaterials can be inserted in medical applications to replace or restore the missing tissue.

• Bio inspired materials

• Biomedical devices

• Biomedical devices

• 3D printing of organs and tissue

Smart materials are materials with one or more properties that can be dramatically altered by external factors such as electric or magnetic fields, heat, moisture, light, temperature, pH, or chemical compounds in a controlled technique. Smart materials are also called sensitive or reactive materials. The Smart materials applications include sensors and actuators, or artificial muscles, particularly as electroactive polymers.

• Renewable smart materials

• Smart materials and structures

• Graphene-based smart materials

• Smart Functional Nanoenergetic Materials

• Smart building materials and structures

• Smart biomaterials

• Smart Materials and Structures

A ceramic is an inorganic non-metallic solid made up of either metal or non-metal materials, often crystalline oxide, nitride or carbide, formed and then heated to high temperatures. Ceramic materials are brittle, strong, compressive and stiff in shearing, stress and resistant to corrosion. Ceramics demonstrate very strong covalent (and/or ionic) bonding. Oxides, nitrides, and carbides are the main compositional groups in engineering ceramics. Engineering ceramics are used to produce components in various tappet heads, industrial industries, electronic devices and turbochargers etc. for applications

• Ceramic Cutting Tools

• Ceramic Films and Coatings

• Ceramic Lasers

• Nanoceramics

• Bioceramics

• Advanced Ceramics

Glass is the most transparent non-crystalline material and has broad practical, technical and decorative applications in window frames, tableware, optics and optoelectronics. Container glass and ordinary glazing are made from a particular form of glass called soda-lime glass, consisting of roughly calcium oxide, 75 percent silicon dioxide, sodium carbonate oxide and some minor additives. Glass can be colored by adding metallic salts, and vitreous enamels can also be painted and printed.

• Optical lens design

• Glass and Optical Materials

• Amorphous Materials

• Optical devices

‎ • Glass physics‎

• Glass chemistry

Polymer science or macromolecular science is a subfield of polymer-related materials science, mainly synthetic polymers, such as plastics and elastomers. The polymer science field includes researchers from many disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering. Polymer manufacturing used in the areas of electronics and electrical products, textiles, aerospace, automotive, etc. Polymer Technology's recent advances have advanced the field of material science, through the use of polymer-based substances from electrical engineering, electronics, and construction materials to packaging materials, fancy decoration products, automotive, etc.

• Smart Polymeric Materials

• Hybrid organic-inorganic materials synthesis, sol gel formation

• Dendritic polymers

• Ring-opening metathesis polymerization

Surface science and engineering was used to research chemical and physical processes occurring at the two-phase interface of solid-gas interfaces, solid-vacuum interfaces, liquid-gas interfaces, and solid-liquid interfaces. Surface science and engineering, including tribology, but with a particular focus on friction, wear, coating and surface modification processes such as surface treatment, coating, machining, polishing and grinding. The science involves concepts like self-assembled monolayers, heterogeneous catalysis, and fabrication of semi-conductor structures, fuel cells, and adhesives.

•Surface characterization

• Interfaces and thin films

• Nanostructured materials

• Surface engineering, modification and functionalization.

Computational materials research requires computational methods to solve interconnected problems with the materials. Specific mathematical models are available to examine issues on various length and time scales that help to explain the nature of material structures and how these structures efficiently regulate material properties. At the electronic point, Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a popular computational technique while atomic simulation methods Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) are considered preferred tools. Phase-field Process (PFM) is used routinely on micron and mesoscale (between micro and Nano) regimes for materials problems.

• Computational materials science and chemistry

• Statistical/artificial intelligence methods, numerical techniques

• Expert systems, genetic algorithms, neural networks

• Process system design, engineering/materials/technological design.

Graphene is the first 2D substance in the world, and it is the most versatile, thinnest and strongest substance. Graphene is a specific type of carbon that can better conduct electricity and heat than anything else. Graphene is basically a single layer of graphite, a sheet of bonded carbon atoms sp2 arranged in a hexagonal (honeycomb) lattice.

• Graphene and fullerenes

• Graphene and ultra-tin 2D materials

• Graphene 3D printing

• Graphene the Ultra-Capacitor

• Graphene devices

Carbon products take many forms from graphene, black carbon, activated carbon, fullerene, graphite, carbon fiber, nanotube, and diamond. Such types vary significantly in the method of operation, structure, properties and manufacturing. Such carbon types are applied to natural, mechanical, electromagnetic, electrochemical, and biomedical applications. 2D Materials also known as single-layer materials are crystalline materials composed of one single atom layer. The applications of photovoltaic materials, semiconductors, electrodes, and water purification.

• Carbon nanotubes

• Uses on carbon Nanotubes

• Actuators

• Growth, synthesis techniques and integration methods

• Carbon nanotubes and grapheme

Green materials are local and regenerative materials. Local materials are special to the area and bind whatever people in a region make. Products such as stone, cement, and sand are green products from the earth. Plant materials like bamboo, grasses, wool, and wood are also materials that have been used by humans since construction started.

• Green Technology & Alternative Energy

• Green building materials

• Green technology application in construction thesis

• Green technology architecture

Electronic materials are types of materials that are usually used as key elements in a variety of applications for electronics. For daily electronic gadgets such as smartphones, GPS systems, LED bulbs, cell phones, and computers, laptops, TVs, and monitors, these components can be Lights, images, screens and can be seen easily. Changing dimensions and level of functionality require ongoing efforts to develop state-of-the-art materials to meet the technical challenges associated with these devices' growth.

Optical materials are substances used for controlling the flow of light. This can involve reflecting, absorbing, focusing or splitting an optical beam. The efficacy of a particular material at each function is highly dependent on wavelength, so it is important to better understand the relationship between light and matter.

Magnetic materials are primarily materials which are used for their magnetic properties. A substance may be defined as a reaction to an applied magnetic field as diamante, paramagnet, ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic.

• Electronic Materials and Devices
• Quantum Materials
• Nanofabrication and Processing
• Point Defects, Doping and Extended Defects

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering educates students about the verticals of different metals' physical and chemical properties. This research mainly deals with all sorts of metal related areas. The course covers Hydrometallurgy, Mechanical Metallurgy, Steel Heat Treatment, Welding Metallurgy, etc. Using metallurgy, the metals are isolated from their ore. It also concerns the chemical, physical, and atomic properties and structures of metals and the principles by which alloy-forming metals are mixed. The metallurgical sciences are divided into chemical metallurgy and physical metallurgy.

• Hydro Metallurgy

• Phase Transformations

• Physical Metallurgy

• Metal Forming and Mechanical Behavior

• Materials Joining

Nanostructured materials are solid materials in the order of a few nanometers, with at least one characteristic structural dimension. In contrast to its optical, electronic, magnetic, or chemical characteristics, structural materials are used or studied mainly for their mechanical properties. These may involve a material reaction to an applied force, whether it's an elastic or rigid reaction, stiffness and strength. A nanostructure is an intermediate size between molecular and micro-structures.

• Gradient multilayer nanofilm

• Nanocages

• Magnetic nanochains

• Nanocomposites

• Nanofabrics

• Nanofiber

Bioinspired materials are synthetic materials whose structure, properties and properties are those of natural or living materials. Bioinspiration is the creation of new materials, structures, and tools that are inspired by biological processes and biological evolution related solutions. Bio-Inspired Materials and Systems bring a diverse group of complementary researchers together to develop functional, programmable, and responsive materials for deployment in soft robotic systems.

• Bio-inspired Materials and Sensing Systems

• Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science

• Biological and bioinspired materials

• Bioinspired Materials for Medical Applications

• Bio-Inspired Material Design and Optimization

• Bioinspired self-healing materials

Catalysis is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by using a catalyst. Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and thus remain unaffected by it. Often, only a trace amount of catalyst is required. Catalysts generally react with one or more reactants to form intermediates that then give the final reaction product, regenerating the catalyst in the process.

• Chemo-enzymatic Catalyst

• Synthetic Chemistry

• Quantum Chemistry

• Organocatalysis

• Enzyme Catalysis